Various options are provided to answer the following questions. Choose the correct answer.
Question
Which part controls the amount of light entering the eye?
A, Cornea
B, Iris
C, Choroid
D, Lens
The correct answer is B, Iris.
The iris is the colored part of the eye that controls the size of the pupil, thereby regulating the amount of light that enters the eye.
Question
Which one of the following refers to an aquifer?
A, An increase in the temperature of water bodies as a result of water from industries
B, Planting of the same crop on the same area repeatedly
C, An underground permeable rock saturated with water
D, The release of water with chemicals from mines
The correct answer is C, An underground permeable rock saturated with water.
An aquifer is a geological formation that stores and transmits groundwater, usually composed of permeable rocks or sediments.
Question
The structure in the amniotic egg that removes waste products:
A, Yolk sac
B, Chorion
C, Amnion
D, Allantois
The correct answer is D, Allantois.
The allantois is a sac-like structure involved in the exchange of gases and the handling of liquid waste in the amniotic egg.
Question
Which one of the following is correct with regard to astigmatism?
A, Light cannot pass through the cornea
B, Light cannot pass through the lens
C, Refraction of light rays by the cornea is uneven
D, The lens cannot become more rounded
The correct answer is C, Refraction of light rays by the cornea is uneven.
Astigmatism occurs when the cornea’s surface is irregularly shaped, causing light to refract unevenly and leading to blurred vision.
Question
Which structures secrete progesterone during pregnancy?
A, Adrenal gland and corpus luteum
B, Corpus luteum and placenta
C, Thyroid gland and Graafian follicle
D, Pituitary gland and Graafian follicle
The correct answer is B, Corpus luteum and placenta.
During pregnancy, progesterone is primarily secreted by the corpus luteum and later by the placenta to maintain the uterine lining.
Question
Which one of the following shows the correct sequence of an impulse from the receptor in a simple reflex arc?
A, Sensory neuron through the dorsal root → motor neuron through the ventral root → effector
B, Motor neuron through the dorsal root → sensory neuron through the ventral root → effector
C, Sensory neuron through the dorsal root → effector → motor neuron through the ventral root
D, Effector → interneuron through the dorsal root → motor neuron through the ventral root
The correct answer is A, Sensory neuron through the dorsal root → motor neuron through the ventral root → effector.
In a simple reflex arc, the impulse travels from the sensory neuron through the dorsal root, to the motor neuron through the ventral root, and then to the effector.
Question
Which one of the following would be a disadvantage when a biological method is used to control alien plant invasion?
A, Able to control alien plants without the use of harmful chemicals
B, Some part of the alien plant may be left to regrow when mechanically removed
C, The species introduced might be alien in the area and outcompete the indigenous species
D, Chemicals might affect the Indigenous plants in the area
The correct answer is C, The species introduced might be alien in the area and outcompete the indigenous species.
A biological control method might introduce a species that becomes invasive itself, outcompeting native species.
Which one of the following is a consequence of the destruction of wetlands?
A. Increased biodiversity
B. Decreased water availability
C. Decreased global warming
D. Increased water quality
Answer:
The correct answer is B, Decreased water availability.
Wetlands act as natural reservoirs and filters, so their destruction reduces water availability and quality.
Question:
Nocturnal animals have the ability to see clearly in the dark. They have:
A. Bigger eyes
B. More rods in the retina
C. More cones in the retina
D. No blind spot
Answer:
The correct answer is B, more rods in the retina.
Nocturnal animals have more rods, which are photoreceptor cells in the retina that are highly sensitive to low light levels, enabling them to see in the dark.
Question:
Which one of the following is correct regarding the homeostatic control of glucose in the human body?
A. Gland: Pancreas, Hormone Secreted: Insulin, Effect on Blood Glucose Level: Increase
B. Gland: Pituitary, Hormone Secreted: Glucagon, Effect on Blood Glucose Level: Increase
C. Gland: Pancreas, Hormone Secreted: Insulin, Effect on Blood Glucose Level: Decrease
D. Gland: Pancreas, Hormone Secreted: Glucagon, Effect on Blood Glucose Level: Decrease
Answer:
The correct answer is C, Insulin, secreted by the pancreas, decreases blood glucose levels by facilitating the uptake of glucose into cells for storage or energy use.
Give the correct biological term for each of the following descriptions:
Question:
The layer in the atmosphere that protects living organisms from the ultraviolet rays of the sun.
Answer:
The correct answer is Ozone/stratosphere.
Question:
The illegal hunting and killing of animals.
Answer:
The correct answer is Poaching.
Question:
A condition of the cell where there is only one set of chromosomes.
Answer:
The correct answer is Haploid.
Question:
The response of a part of a plant to a light stimulus.
Answer:
The correct answer is Phototropism.
Question:
A hormone that stimulates ovulation in humans.
Answer:
The correct answer is Luteinising hormone/LH.
Question:
The part of the brain that connects the left and right hemispheres.
Answer:
The correct answer is Corpus callosum.
Question:
The blood vessel that transports deoxygenated blood from the fetus towards the placenta.
Answer:
The correct answer is Umbilical artery.
Question:
A small device that is inserted in the ear to drain fluids caused by a middle-ear infection.
Answer:
The correct answer is Grommet.
Question:
The branch of the autonomic nervous system that restores an increased heart rate back to normal.
Answer:
The correct answer is the Parasympathetic nervous system.
Question:
A structure in the eye that absorbs light to prevent internal reflection.
Answer:
The correct answer is Choroid.